Creditinfo, FSD Kenya, and CIS Kenya Launch the Findings of a Study on Kenya’s Credit Market Landscape
Press release
Nairobi, Kenya – Monday, 5th August, 2024 – A new study has revealed a complex picture of Kenya’s credit market, with digital loans dominating the landscape while the overall value of loans disbursed is on the decline. The study conducted by Financial Sector Deepening (FSD) Kenya, Credit Information Sharing Association of Kenya (CIS Kenya), and Creditinfo Credit Reference Bureau Kenya Limited (Creditinfo CRB), provides a comprehensive analysis of credit data spanning five years.
The study is titled Kenya’s credit market landscape – Demand side analysis of credit records held by Creditinfo CRB, is based on an analysis of credit records held by Creditinfo CRB.
The use of Credit Reference Bureau data in this study provides an opportunity to analyse credit data that is aggregated from various sources and segmented according to borrower’s sex, type of loan (digital and non-digital), type of borrower (company and individual), and provider type (bank, MFB, and MFI). The data covers the 5-year period from January 2019 to December 2023.
Summary findings
- Kenya’s credit market is dominated by digital loans (in volume terms) provided by banks mostly to male Banks continue to dominate the retail lending market, accounting for over 90% of the volume and value of digital and non-digital loans.
- The number of unique borrowers has been on a steady increase on an annual basis, with
7.5 million unique borrowers in 2019 compared to 11.4 million unique borrowers in 2023. This constitutes both individual and non-individual borrowers (companies). On average, there are 6m unique male borrowers and 4.3m female borrowers each year.
- In contrast to the increase of unique borrowers, the aggregate value of loans disbursed annually has been on a decline, with KShs 2,067bn issued in 2019 compared to KShs 1,937bn in Male borrowers accounted for 61.4% of the total number of loans and 71.1% of the total value of loans issued between 2019 to 2023.
- On average, there are 10 million unique borrowers who have at least one digital loan annually compared to 1 million for non-digital loans. Approximately 270 million new digital loans valued at KShs 1,512 billion were issued over the five-year period compared to 8 million non-digital loans valued at KShs 8,282 billion over the same period. There is, however, an observed decline in the average value of nondigital loans, from an average of KShs 8,353 in 2019 to an average of KShs 4,555 in 2023, a 45% decline.
- The number of new negative listings declined by more than half between 2019 and 2023. Whilst this can be attributed to changes in the regulatory framework on the treatment of negative listings, there is a marked decline between 2019 and 2020 which was beforethe regulatory changes. In 2023, 933,551 individual borrowers were negatively listed with Creditinfo CRB compared to 2,204,591 individuals in 2019.
- Female borrowers have better repayment histories compared to men, accounting for an approximately of 36% of the new negative listings over five-year period, compared to 64% for
- Most borrowers who have a negative record have an outstanding loan balance of between KShs 1,001 to KShs 5,000. The data further indicates that a higher proportion of borrowers initially listed as having repayment difficulties with their loans (negative record) managed to fully repay them off after seven months and within one
- 69% of borrowers that previously had a negative record were subsequently issued with a new This is contrary to the public’s perception that the CIS mechanism is a blacklisting tool and that a negative listing automatically precludes a borrower from accessing future loans.
“The development of Kenya’s credit market is at the core of FSD Kenya’s work and strategy. While many of the building blocks that underpin an efficient and effective retail market are in place, available evidence points that the provision of appropriate and affordable credit remains a challenge. MSMEs and women continue to be underserved. FSD Kenya’s work in credit market is aimed at working with various partners to address the factors that constrain the flow of productive credit to where it is needed the most. Part of this includes creating the knowledge and evidence base through research and analysis to inform the direction of market development and policy interventions. This study is part of those efforts. The expectation is that the study will provide the basis for engagement with various stakeholders on the development of Kenya’s credit market, long-term policy implications, and the functioning of Kenya’s Credit Information Sharing mechanism.”, said Francis Gwer, FSD Kenya’s Senior policy specialist.
“The Credit Information Sharing (CIS) mechanism has significantly advanced since its inception in Kenya. The transition from negative-only reporting to the bureau to comprehensive full-file reporting to the bureau marked a pivotal moment, fostering innovation and financial inclusion. Data gathered throughout this evolution has proven invaluable for market growth and innovation. Further advancements, such as incorporating all credit sectors and enabling real- time reporting, have the potential to elevate the CIS mechanism to new heights.”, said Kamau Kunyiha, Regional Manager, Creditinfo CRB
About FSD Kenya
Financial Sector Deepening Kenya (FSD Kenya) is an independent trust dedicated to the achievement of a financial system that delivers value for a green and inclusive digital economy while improving financial health and capability for women and micro and small enterprises (MSEs). We work closely with the public sector, the financial services industry, and other partners to develop financial solutions that better address the real-world challenges that low-income households, micro and small enterprises, and underserved groups such as women and youth face. More details about FSD Kenya.
About CIS Kenya
The Credit Information Sharing Association of Kenya (CIS Kenya) was set up to institutionalize the National Credit Information Sharing (CIS) Forum. The Forum was created in early 2012 in order to bring together both bank and non-bank credit providers to map the way forward towards implementing full file comprehensive CIS in Kenya. Prior to the formation of CIS Kenya, the implementation of CIS in Kenya was spearheaded by the Kenya Credit Information Sharing Initiative (KCISI), a partnership between Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and Kenya Bankers Association (KBA). More details about CIS Kenya.
About Creditinfo
Established in 1997 and headquartered in London, UK, Creditinfo is a provider of credit information and risk management solutions worldwide. As one of the fastest-growing companies in its field, Creditinfo facilitates access to finance, through intelligent information, software and decision analytics solutions.
With more than 30 credit bureaus running today, Creditinfo has the most considerable global presence in this field of credit risk management, with a significantly greater footprint than competitors. For decades it has provided business information, risk management and credit bureau solutions to some of the largest, lenders, governments and central banks globally to increase financial inclusion and generate economic growth by allowing credit access for SMEs and individuals. More details about Creditinfo CRB.
Creditinfo Academy webinar BENCHMARKING by Alexandra Aproiants
Our colleague Alexandra Aproiants from Creditinfo Solutions, Prague was recently presenting the Benchmarking solution. Benchmarking reports focus on showing trends over time that enable credit grantors to make objective strategic decisions and to fully understand the impact on the business and customer portfolio of any changes in trends, which can help to better drive credit risk, product growth and marketing strategies. In addition, the effectiveness of past strategies can be assessed highlighting any differences from industry norms and any influencing factors.
